Layer 1 blockchains are the basic building blocks of the crypto world, handling transactions, keeping things secure, and supporting applications. The way they operate – whether through proof-of-work, proof-of-stake, or other methods – impacts how fast they are, how much energy they use, and how secure they are. Most decentralized finance (DeFi) applications and smart contracts depend on these Layer 1 networks to function reliably and settle transactions. It’s challenging for any Layer 1 blockchain to be perfectly decentralized, secure, *and* scalable all at once, so different blockchains make different trade-offs. These networks are constantly improving with new upgrades and innovations, driving progress in blockchain technology and making it more widely used.